Incubator



PATENT'ED JAN. 19, 1904.

I G. HACKER.

INGUBATOR. APPLICATION FILED JULY 6. 190's.

N0 MODEL.

No. '74 9,858. Patented January 19, 1904. l

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

(arEORGE HACKER, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

INCUBATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 749,858, dated. January 19, 1904.

Application filed July 6, 1903. Serial No. 164,295. (No model.)

who?" it y (me/37%" in the incubators of the prior art, 1 have pro- Be it known that I, GEORGE HACKER, a citivided them with the circular windows 6, zen of the United-States, residing at St. Louis, through which thermometric readings may be State of Missouri, have invented certain new made.

5 and useful Improvements in Incubators, of Each of the door-frames eand 5 is provided 55 which the following is a specification, containwith the strips 7 which are of cloth or simiing a full, clear, and exact description, referlar perforate and pervious material.

' ence beinghad to the accompanying drawings, The sides and back of the casing 1 are proforming a part hereof. vided with openings extending through the I Q My invention relates to improvements in incasing 1 and into the egg-chamber 2, the inner 60 cubators, and has for its object to provide an sides of said openings being provided with incubator having wall openings extending the sheets 8, which are of like material as the from the exterior of the incubator through sheets 7, and the outer sides of said openings the easing into the egg chamber through are provided with the hinged door-frames 9,

5 which the exterior atmosphere shall have diwhich are covered with sheets 10 of the same 5 rect ingress through strips of perforate mateor similar material as the sheets 7 and 8. I rial, thus providing an ample supply of oxyhave thus provided an egg-chamber to which gen to the egg-chamber, as well as means for the air has comparatively free access from all retaining the desired degree of heat therein. sides and at all times during the process of Heretofore incubators have been constructincubation. 7 ed upon various systems of ascending and de- When the incubator is operated in a room scending ventilation, such incubators being in which the outer temperature is from provided with imperforatewalls, usually douto Fahrenheitpr over, the door-frames 5 .ble walls, provided with a packing of paper, and 9 are left open. When the outer tem- 5 asbestos, or other non-conducting material. perature is below 60 or thereabout, the door- With the ventilators used in the prior art frames 5 and 9 are to be closed, forming the adequate ventilation, combined with a perfect air-spaces 11, which serve to retain heat within distribution of fresh air in' the egg-chamber, the egg-chamber 2. has not been obtained. The consequent de- It is obvious that any or all of the doors 9 3 ficiency of oxygen supply has resulted in immay be closed or left open to meet the "aryperfect incubation and the crippling or death ing degrees of temperature in which the inof a large percentage of chicks in the shell. cubator is operated.

The object of my present invention is, there- By the described means I have provided an 5 fore, to secure the free admission of airlaterincubator in which the supply of oxygen is 35 ally and directly to the egg-chamber and its at all times equal to the demands of incuba- 5 proper and equal diffusion through the eggtion, and in its use the embryo develops as chamber, while making due provision for the quickly and vigorously as in natural incubamaintenance of the proper degree of heat tion, and the air-space in the egg is at all times within the egg-chamber. the same in size as in natural incubation. Fur- 4 In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective thermore, in the use of my incubator it is not 9 view of an incubator embodying my invennecessary to remove the egg-trays 3 from the Ta, tion. Fig. 2 is a horizontal transverse midcasing 1 or to leave the door i open for the section ofthe same. purpose of cooling off or airing the eggs, as Referring to the drawings, the casing of the is done in the use of the incubators of the 45 incubator is indicated by the numeral 1, the prior art in the attempts of the operator to eggchamber by the numeral 2, and the eggovercome the deficiency of oxygen in the eggtrays by the numeral 3. chamber.

At the front of the casing l and egg-cham- For the purpose of securing moisture supber 2 the door-frames 4 and 5 are hinged. ply when the incubator is operated in a dry 5 Instead of these door-frames being glazed, as situation or for adding moisture during the latter days of the period of incubationI have provided the doors 9 at the ends of the incubator with buttons 12, upon which when desired a moistened strip 13 of cloth or similar perforate and pervious material is stretched and buttoned.

Furthermore. the function, mode of operation, and result of my invention are all attained by the establishment in an egg-chamber of an opening directly communicating with the outer atmosphere and a sheet of perforate and pervious material (such as cloth or paper) inserted in such opening to close the opening for the purpose of retaining heat in the egg-chamber, but at the same time gradually and constantly admitting the fresh air directly to the egg-chamber.

Having thus described my invention, what 1 claim as new, and desire to have secured to me by the grant of Letters Patent, is

1. In an .incubator, an egg-chamber provided with an opening extending directly from the egg-chamber to the exterior of the incubator, and a sheet of perforate and pervious material wherebythe opening is closed, substantially as described.

2. In an incubator, an egg-chamber provided with wall-openings extending directly from the egg-chamber to the exterior of the incubator, and strips ofcloth or other perforate substance whereby the wall-openings are covered, substantially as described.

3. In an incubator, a casing provided with an egg chamber, wall openings extending through the casing and into the egg-chamber, door-frames mounted in the wall-openings and strips of cloth or other perforate material mounted on the door-frames, substantially as described.

4. In an incubator, a casing provided with an egg chamber, wall openings extending through the casing and into the egg-chamber, an inner door-frame and an outer door-frame mounted at the front of the egg-chamber, the openings in the door-frames being covered with sheets of perforate and pervious material, substantially as described.

5. In an incubator, a casing provided with an eggchamber, wall openings extending through the casing and into the egg-chamber, an inner door-frame and an outer doorframe mounted at the front of the egg-chamber, the openings in the door-frames being covered with sheets of perforate and pervious material, the side and back wall-openings being provided upon their inner sides with sheets of perforate and pervious material, and door-frames mounted upon the outer sides of the last-named wall-openings and covered with sheets of perforate and pervious material, substantially as described.

6. In an incubator, a casing provided with an egg chamber, wallopenings extending through the casing and into the egg-chamber, an innerdoor-frame and an outer door-frame mounted at the front of the egg-chamber, the openings in the door-frames being covered with sheets of perforate and pervious material,.the side and back wall-openings being provided upon their inner sides with sheets of perforate and pervious material, door-frames mounted upon the outer sides of the lastnamed wall-openings and covered with sheets of perforate 'and pervious material, the doorframes'in the side and back wall-openings being provided with buttons, and sheets of perforate and pervious material adapted to be moistened and buttoned over the said buttons,

substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. GEORGE HACKER.

Witnesses v: ALFRED A. EIoKs,

M. G. IRIoN. 

